Nchịkọta:
1.
2. Defuamer
3. Ndị dị ala
4. Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri
5
6.. Ihe ndị ọzọ
1 Wetting na ndị na-akụzigharị:
Achịcha sitere na mmiri sitere na mmiri na-eji mmiri dị ka ihe mgbaze ma ọ bụ mkpọsa nwere nnukwu petalcric mgbe niile, yabụ na-adabere na ngọngọ ikuku mgbe eletriki eletrik kpuchiri ekpuchi. Na mgbakwunye, na usoro mkpuchi mmiri siri sie ike, enwere ndị poloctants srowcents sfịk, nke na-agbaso n'elu filling filler ahụ, na-akpụchi mgbochi ihe mgbochi ma kwụsie ike. Ya mere, ihe osise na emulsions na-enweta nsonaazụ siri ike site na nkwonkwo electrostatic na mgbochi ihe mgbochi. Ọdịmma ya bụ ndị na-eme ntuli aka na-eguzogide, ọkachasị maka eleckolytes na-akwụ ụgwọ.
1.1 Mwepu
E kewapụrụ ndị nnọchi anya maka mkpuchi mmiri mmiri na-ekewa n'imeninic na nnọkọ.
Njikọ nke ndị na-ahụ maka na-akwụ ụgwọ na-agbasa ozi nwere ike rụpụta ezigbo nsonaazụ. Ọnụ ego nke ụlọnga na-eme ka ọ dị ole na ole. Mmetụta ọjọọ ya na-adịghị mma na-atọ ọchị ma na-ebelata mmiri na-eguzogide mmiri nke ihe nkiri ahụ.
Otu n'ime mmepe mmepe nke ndị ọrụ na-egbu egbu bụ iji nwayọọ nwayọọ dochie polyyylethylenents ndị ọrụ na-akụ, n'ihi na ọ na-eduga na mbelata nke ụmụ nwanyị na oke na-egbochi ya na njedebe. PolyOxyethylene alkyl (Benzene) a na-eji ọtụtụ ndị emulsfiers n'oge emullion.
Ejimactivents Sourticts bụkwa ihe ọhụrụ. Ọ bụ molecules abụọ ampayic jikọtara site na spacer. Akụkụ kachasị mma nke igwe eji eme ihe bụ na ịta ahụhụ Micingle (cmc) bụ ihe dị oke ọnụ ala karịa nke "Single-sel" Surfacts, na-esochi ya. Dị ka Tigo Twin 4000, ọ bụ ejima cell sillonace, ma nwee akụrụngwa ụfụfụ na ihe na-enweghị atụ.
Ngwa ahịa ikuku etolitela geminI. Ndị ọdịnala na-ahụ maka ọgbụgba na-anyụ hydrophilic nwere hydrophilic otu nwere hydrophic dị iche iche, nke a bụ ihe a na-ahụ maka ihe ndị dị ka Acetylenem Ad01.
1.2 onye na - achụsa
A na-ekesasị ndị na-akụsasị nke mbubreyo oge anọ: phosphate ndị na-achụsasị, onye na-achụsa polyymers na ndị ọzọ na-achụsasị na ndị ọzọ.
Ndị na-achụpụ phosphate na-ejikarị posyphosphates, dị ka sodium hexametphates, sodium Polyphosphate (Calgon N, Potassium Poolinito (KTPP) na Tyrasphate (TKPP). Usoro ihe omume ya bụ idozigharị mkpuchi mkpuchi site na njikọta Hydrogen na kemịkal. Uru ya bụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ dị ala, ihe dị ka 0.1%, ọ nwere mmetụta dị mma na-enwekarị ụcha na filganic. Ma enwere ike: Onye ahụ, yana ịrị elu nke uru PH uru na okpomọkụ, polyphosphate dị mfe, na-ebute nchekwa nchekwa ogologo oge; Mgbasa na-ezughị ezu ga-emetụta gloss nke agba na-acha uhie uhie.
Phosphate Estants na-agbasasị bụ agwakọta nke ndị na-eme ihe, ndị na-eme mmiri, mmanya na-atọ ụtọ na phosphoric acid.
Phosphate Esta na-agbasasị ndị na-agbasasị na-agbagha, gụnyere ụzazụ ngwa ngwa dịka Zinc Oxide. Na usoro nke agba na-egbu egbu, ọ na-eme ka mmanaka na nkwụsị. N'adịghị ka ndị ọzọ na-agbasasị, mgbakwunye nke phosphate ester anaghị emetụta vitị na ici.
Polyacid Hoocker, dị ka Tamol 1254 na Tamol 850, Tamol 850 bụ homopomic acid nke metcrylic. Polyacid Colonyment, dị ka Orotan 731A, nke bụ coplobuutylene na acid acid. Njirimara nke ụdị ndị a na-achụsasị abụọ bụ na ha na-arụpụta mgbasa ozi siri ike ma ọ bụ arịndoring na mmiri na-agbachitere, ma nwee akụkụ mmiri na-akwụsị rụpụta nsonaazụ siri ike. Iji mee ka ndị a chụsapụ nwee ezigbo ndakpọ, a ga-achịkwa ụdị molecula ya. Ọ bụrụ na ịdị arọ molecula dị obere, a ga-enwe mgbachi ọnụ; Ọ bụrụ na ịdị arọ molecula siri oke, flocculation ga-eme. Maka ndị na-achụsasị polyacrylate, enwere ike nweta nsonaazụ kachasị mma ma ọ bụrụ na ogo polymerization bụ 12-18.
Dị iche iche nke ndị ọzọ, dị ka Amp-95, nwere aha chemical nke 2-methyl-1-proranol. Ndị otu Amino bụ ndị mgbasa ozi na-anọkarị na ibe ya, na otu hydroxyl na-agbasa mmiri ahụ, nke na-arụ ọrụ na-egbochi ya site na mgbochi mgbochi. N'ihi obere obere ya, ihe mgbochi stunec na-amachighị. AMP-95 bụ ọkachasị a ph.
N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, nyocha banyere ndị na-achụsasị nke flocculation kpatara oke molecular ibu, na mmepe nke oke molecular bụ otu n'ime usoro. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe dị elu molecular na-agbasa ozi efka-4580 mepụtara mkpuchi emulmerization pụrụ iche maka mkpuchi nke mmiri, kwesịrị ekwesị maka mkpocha ahịhịa ndụ na-achasi ike, ma nwee nguzozi mmiri.
Otu Amino nwere ezigbo mmekọrịta maka ọtụtụ piram site na acid ma ọ bụ njikọ hydrogen. Ihe mgbochi Colonymer na Aminoacrylic acid dị ka a arịlịka a atọrọ attentiona ntị na ya.
Ndị na-achụsasị na Deethymanoethyl Mathrylate dị ka otu arịchoring
A na-eji ndị na-achụsasị Tugo 655 na-adọkpụ na-agbasasị na-adọkpụ mmiri na-adọkpụ ọ bụghị naanị iji gbochie ntụ ntụ aluminom site na iji mmiri emegharị ya.
N'ihi nchegbu gburugburu ebe obibi, na-emegharị ihe na-emegharị ma na-agbasasị ihe, dị ka sọsọ na-agbasasị usoro ejima na-agbasa, nke na-agbada ndị ọrụ na-enweghị isi.
2 Defoamer:
Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị eserese mmiri nke mmiri, nke a na-ekewa n'ụzọ atọ: mmanụ na-egbochi mmiri, polysiloxane na-egbochi na ndị ọzọ zoro ezo.
A na-ejikarị mmanụ ahịhịa amị, tumadi na ewepụghị ma na-acha uhie uhie.
Polysiloxane Depomane nwere esemokwu dị ala, na-emebi siri ike na ike na-enweghị atụ, ma mgbe ejiri ya mee ihe n'ụzọ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị, ha ga-ebute ntụpọ dị ka ngbasa nke ihe nkiri na ihe mkpuchi.
Ihe osise nke ihe osise na-egbochi mmiri na-ekwekọghị na mmiri mmiri iji mezuo ebumnuche nke imebi, yabụ ọ dị mfe ịmepụta ntụpọ elu na mkpuchi mkpuchi.
N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, etolitela molecular-larịị.
Nke a na - agụ akwụkwọ na - agụ bụ polymer guzobere site na grafting bekee na - ebu ihe na - ebu ya. A na-ekesa ihe ụmụ nwanyị ahụ na-eme ihe na-eme ihe na-eme ihe nkiri, a na-ekesa ihe na-eme ihe na-eme ihe nkiri gburugburu molekung, ihe na-arụ ọrụ adịghị mfe nchịkọta, yana ndakọrịta na sistemụ mkpuchi dị mma. Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri molecular dị otú ahụ gụnyere mmanụ ịnweta - foamstar A10, silicon-nwere nke ọma, na nke na-abụghị nke si silicon - foo polymis - foolstar MF.
A na-akọkwara na molecular a na-eji polymers kpakpando dị elu dị ka ihe na-adịghị ekwekọ, ma nweta ezigbo nsonaazụ na ngwa ndị mkpuchi mmiri dabere na ngwa. Productslọ ọrụ ikuku molecular na-akọ akụkọ site na stout et al. Ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka nchekwa ACTCLOL Glycol na ihe na-egbochi ihe ndị ahụ na-egbu egbu, dị ka Surfynol MD 20 na Surfynol DF 37.
Na mgbakwunye, iji gboo mkpa nke ịmịpụta ihe efu, enwere usoro na-enweghị ihe na-enweghị ihe, dịka Agitan E 255, wdg.
3 Ndị Ókè:
Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị dị iche iche, ugbu a ejirikarị ya na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na-egbu egbu na ihe na-egbu egbu, na-agwọ ọrịa alkali-na-akwọ ike (IHE) na polyurethan truners (Heur).
3.1. Ewer set na mervatives ya
A na-ebu ụzọ mepụta ụlọ ọrụ carbide ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na 1932, ma nwee akụkọ ihe dị ka afọ 70. Ugbu a, ndị na-eme ya nke mkpụrụ osisi celd na derivatives ya na-agụnye celdyythythythythyythyth Celllose (MHPRYTyth Celllose (MHPL), Methy Cellulose (MHC) na Gonth) na Xanthan Gum, wdg, ndị a abụghị nke ionic trunenners, ọ bụkwa nke a na-anaghị ejikọ mmiri mmiri. N'etiti ha, hEC bụ ihe a na-ejikarị na agba mbubreyo.
Hydrophosed na-ewelite otu cellulose (hMhec) na-ewebata obere akụkụ nke Akylyyyyy hydrodol nke Searchener, dị ka natrosol Pluonitive nke 330, Darmosize SG-100. Mmetụta ya na-emekarị dị ka nke cellulose egwe na-ehurners nwere nnukwu mowor dị ukwuu. Ọ na-eme ka viscosity na ịkagbu nke ICI, ma na-ebelata oke esemokwu dị na HEC bụ ihe dị ka 67MN / m, na elu ahụ bụ 55-65m / m.
3.2 Alkali-akwọ ụgbọ ala
A na-ekewa ndị na-akwọ alkali - kewaa abụọ: A na-ejikọghị alkali-akwọ ike (Ase) na njikọta na-akwọ aru ike (Inwe), nke bụ Anionic Treaners. Adị na-abụghị nke a na-ejikọghị ọnụ bụ alkali na-efegharị emulsion. Commicative Ibe bụ hydrophobically na alkali na-awụgharị emulsion.
3.3. Polyurethane thierener na hydrophobically na-enweghị polyurterhane thenener
Polyurethane Terenener, zoro aka na Heur Heur, bụ hydrophobic otu mkpụrụ osisi polymertethated polymerher polymerher, nke bụ nke na-abụghị nke ionic contivener. Heur bụ akụkụ atọ: hydrophobic otu, a na-eji hydrophilic a na polyurethane. Otu Hydrophobic otu na-arụ ọrụ nke mkpakọrịta ma bụrụ ihe na-eme ihe bụ ihe dị mkpa maka ndị na-eme mkpọtụ, nke anylphenol, wdg. A na-agbatị ọtụtụ akwara nke heur site na otu polyurethane otu, dị ka iPdi, TDI na HMDI. Ihe owuwu usoro nke òtù na-akpakọrịta bụ na Hydrophobic dị iche iche kwụsịrị. Agbanyeghị, ogo nke otu hydrophobic otu na nsọtụ ụfọdụ nke azụmahịa dị ala karịa 0.9, na ihe kachasị mma bụ naanị 1.7. Ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume ahụ kwesịrị ịchịkwa nke ọma iji nweta Polyururtane Runcular na arụmọrụ dị oke warara na arụmọrụ kwụ ọtọ. Imirikiti ụma na-aga site na polymerization polymerization, yabụ, a na-ejikọ ndị na-azụ ahịa bụ ngwakọta nke oke molecular.
Richay et al. Ejiri Fluorescent Tynene Assoorescent Prynene Asturener (Pat, ọnụọgụ molecular arọ nke 0002) Mkpakọrịta n'etiti Tronener na elu nke mbubreyo na-eme ihe dị ka 25 kj / mol; Mpaghara nke pass pass ọ bụla dị na mmiri nke mbubreyo bụ ihe dị ka 13 NM2, nke bụ ebe a na-eme njem Triton X-405 wettinglọ ọrụ 14 nke 0.9 NM2. Njikọ Polyyurtethane Twooner dị ka RM-2020NPR, DSX 1550, wdg.
Mmepe nke ndị na-eme enyi na-ezi omume politurethan trueners enwetala ebe niile. Iji maa atụ, Bọta-425 bụ ihe mmetụta polyọọ gbanwetụrụ nke polyerethane na-akwụghị ụgwọ. Rhzenate 210, bochii gel 0434, tego Velus 3010, 3030 na 3060 na 3060 ka ọ bụ ihe na-enweghị ọrụ na-enweghị ọrụ na apheo.
Na mgbakwunye na linear cooltative polyurethane truneners kọwara n'elu, enwekwara njikọ-dị ka onye na - eme ihe na - eme ihe ike. Ndị a na-akpọ ngwa agha polyurethane Polyurner pụtara na enwere ụdị Hydrophobic Hydrophobic n'otu n'etiti ụmụ agbọghọ. Ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka SCT-200 na SCT-275 wdg.
Aminophophy Tyrophopy Tronoplast (atroxyled Aminoplast Tynoplast Tornopler-Okpomoku na-agbanwe otu amino na - agbanwe di iche iche Amino pụrụ iche, mana ihe na - emeghachi omume nke saịtị anọ ndị a dị iche. Na mgbakwunye nke hydrophobic otu, enwere naanị otu Hydrophobic na-agbagha, ọ bụ nke a na-agbaso usoro a na-eme n 'Herọn, dị ka optiflo H 500. Ọ bụrụ na a na-agbakwunye ọtụtụ hydrophobic, dị ka 8%, Enwere ike idozi ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume iji mepụta Amino nke nwere ọtụtụ ihe mgbochi hydrophobic. N'ezie, nke a bụkwa mpempe elu. Nke a na-agbanwe agbanwe na-agbanwe Amino nwere ike igbochi ihe agba agba agba site na ịwụda n'ihi mgbakwunye nke nnukwu ego na Glycol mgbe agbakwunyere agba. Ihe kpatara ya bụ na otu hydrophobic dị ike nwere ike igbochi ịta ahụhụ, ọtụtụ Hydrophobic Otu nwere mkpakọrịta siri ike. Ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka optinlo TVs.
Hydrophobic gbanwetụrụ (hmppe) arụmọrụ nke hydrophobically na hydrophobically na hydrophobically na hydraflow NLS200, NLS210 nke Hercules.
Usoro ya na-emekarị bụ mmetụta nke njikọ Hydrogen na Njikọ nke otu njedebe. E jiri ya tụnyere ndị nkịtị na-ahụkarị, ọ nwere ihe mgbochi na Njirimara Anti-Sag. Dị ka pollies dị iche iche nke otu njedebe, gbanwetụrụ polyurea thianers nwere ike kee polyur pornea, ọkara polrity polyurea thisyea thisyea there. A na-eji abụọ nke mbụ maka mkpuchi nke dabeere na ya, ebe enwere ike polytores poly polyuners nwere ike iji ya ma uwe mkpuchi dị elu nke mmiri. Ngwaahịa dị ala, polarity na oke polliity polyurea thishears bụ Byk-410, BYK-410 na BAK-420 n'otu n'otu.
Mgbanwe polyamide wax slurry bụ synlelogical diftehical site na iwebata otu hydrophilic dị ka peg n'ime akwara akwara. Ugbu a, a na-ebubata ụfọdụ ụdị ụfọdụ ma na-ejikarị emegharị ThixOtropy nke sistemụ ma meziwanye mgbochi-thiyerropy. Acti-SAG arụmọrụ.
Post Oge: Novolu-22-2022