Ncha mmiri mmiri bụ ụdị ngwaahịa a na-ejikarị na-ehicha ụlọ. Ha sitere na mmiri ma nwee ike wepu unyi, griiz na adịghị ọcha ndị ọzọ nke ọma. Iji meziwanye ahụmịhe ojiji ha, ọ na-adịkarị mkpa ka a gbanwee ha na viscosity kwesịrị ekwesị. Viscosity nke nchacha ekwesịghị ịdị ala, ma ọ bụghị ya, ọ ga-agba ọsọ ngwa ngwa, na-eme ka o sie ike ịchịkwa ego ahụ, ọ ga-adịkwa "mkpa" mgbe ejiri ya; ma o kwesịghị ịdị elu, n'ihi na ọ nwere ike ịdị oke viscous ma sie ike ikesa ma dị ọcha. Ya mere, ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ aghọwo otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi na-emepụta n'ụdị mmiri mmiri.
1. sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose bụ thickener nke a na-ejikarị na detergents. Ọ bụ ihe nrụpụta cellulose na-agbaze mmiri nke nwere ike ịbawanye viscosity nke mmiri mmiri n'ụzọ dị irè. CMC nwere uru ndị a:
Ezigbo mmiri solubility: CMC nwere ike igbari ngwa ngwa na mmiri wee mepụta otu ihe ngwọta na-enweghị atụ na ngwọta mmiri.
Dị nwayọọ na nke na-adịghị ewe iwe: CMC bụ ihe eji eme ihe na-emepụta polymer nke na-enweghị mmetụta na-emerụ ahụ na akpụkpọ ahụ ma ọ bụ gburugburu ebe obibi, na-emezu ihe ndị ahịa nke oge a chọrọ maka nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike.
Ndakọrịta dị mma: CMC dabara nke ọma na ihe ndị ọzọ dị na usoro nchacha, na-enweghị nsogbu dị ka stratification ma ọ bụ ire ere, ọ gaghị emetụta mmetụta ịsa ahụ.
2. Xanthan chịngọm
Xanthan chịngọm bụ ngwakọta polysaccharide eke sitere na gbaa ụka nje, nke a na-ejikarị na nri, ihe ịchọ mma na ncha. Ngwa nke xanthan chịngọm n'ime ncha nwere njirimara ndị a:
Mmetụta dị oke mma: ọbụlagodi na mgbakwunye dị ala, xanthan gum nwere ike ịbawanye viscosity nke mmiri mmiri.
Arụmọrụ dilution mgbochi-shiee: Xanthan chịngọm nwere ezigbo dilution Njirimara. Mgbe a kpalitere ma ọ bụ pịa, viscosity nke nchacha ga-ebelata nwa oge, nke dị mma maka nkesa na iji; ma viscosity nwere ike iweghachi ngwa ngwa mgbe ejiri ya iji zere oke mmiri.
Nguzogide okpomọkụ siri ike: Xanthan chịngọm nwere ike ịnọgide na-eguzosi ike na elu ma ọ bụ dị ala okpomọkụ, ọ dịghị mfe imebi ma ọ bụ viscosity mbelata, na ọ bụ thickener ka na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'okpuru oké ọnọdụ.
3. Polyacrylate thickeners
Polyacrylate thickeners (dị ka Carbomer) bụ ihe sịntetik polymer ike nke siri ike nke siri ike, nke dabara adaba maka ịkwa akwa nhicha. Isi njirimara ya gụnyere:
Ngosipụta dị elu: Polyacrylate nwere ike ịmepụta ngwọta doro anya, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nhọrọ dị mma maka akwa nhicha.
Ikike ịgbatị nke ọma: Polyacrylate nwere ike nweta nsonaazụ dị oke mkpa na mkpokọta dị ala ma nwee njikwa nke ọma na viscosity.
Ndabere pH: Mmetụta na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ nke a na-ejikọta ya na pH uru nke ngwọta, ma na-emekarị nke ọma n'okpuru ọnọdụ alkaline na-adịghị ike, ya mere pH nke usoro ahụ kwesịrị imeziwanye mgbe ejiri ya nweta mmetụta kacha mma.
4. Nnu thickeners
Nnu (dị ka sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, wdg) na-abụkwa ndị na-agbapụtakarị n'ime ihe ncha mmiri mmiri, ọkachasị n'ihe nchacha nwere ihe ndị dị n'elu. Ụkpụrụ ọrụ ya bụ ịgbanwe nhazi nke mkpụrụ ndụ surfactant site n'ịgbanwe ike ionic nke usoro ahụ, si otú ahụ na-emetụta viscosity. Uru nke nnu thickeners gụnyere:
Ọnụ ego dị ala: Ngwunye nnu dị ọnụ ala ma dị mfe ịnweta, ya mere ha nwere uru dị ọnụ ala na mmepụta ihe.
Mmetụta mmekọrịta yana surfactants: Ntụ ọka nnu nwere ike ịkwalite viscosity nke sistemụ ahụ nke ọma na usoro nwere ọdịnaya dị elu.
A na-eji ọtụtụ ihe eji eme ihe: A na-eji usoro a na-eme ka ọ sie ike n'ọtụtụ ebe a na-ere ahịa, ọkachasị n'ihe nchacha ụlọ ọrụ.
Otú ọ dị, iji nnu thickeners nwekwara ụfọdụ adịghị ike. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ego agbakwunyere ekwesịghị ịbụ nke ukwuu, ma ọ bụghị ya, ọ nwere ike ime ka solubility nke detergent belata ma ọ bụ ọbụna mmiri ozuzo. Ke adianade do, viscosity ukpụhọde ziri ezi nke nnu thickeners adịghị mma dị ka ndị ọzọ thickeners.
5. Ethoxylated ọdụdụ alcohols (dị ka sodium C12-14 mmanya ether sulfate)
Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nhicha ya bụ isi, ihe ndị na-eme ka mmanya na-aba n'anya ethoxylated na-enwekwa mmetụta na-akpụ akpụ. Site n'ịgbanwe nha nke ndị surfactants ndị a, enwere ike nweta mmetụta siri ike. Uru ya bụ:
Ntughari: Ụdị surfactant a nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị na-arụ ọrụ na-eme ka ọ dị arọ, kamakwa ọ na-eme ka ncha nke ihe ncha.
Nkwekọrịta dị mma na ihe ndị ọzọ: Ethoxylated fatty alcohols dakọtara na ihe ndị na-emekarị surfactants, ekpomeekpo, pigmenti na ihe ndị ọzọ, ọ gaghị emetụta arụmọrụ nke ngwaahịa ikpeazụ.
Belata mkpa ndị ọzọ thickeners: Ebe ọ nwere ma ihicha na ndim ọrụ, ojiji nke dị ọcha thickeners nwere ike ibelata na usoro, si otú kacha akwụ ụgwọ.
6. Acrylate copolymers
Acrylate copolymers bụ klas nke sịntetik polymer thickeners nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ncha elu ma ọ bụ ọrụ pụrụ iche. Isi njirimara ha gụnyere:
Njikwa viscosity ziri ezi: Site n'ịgbanwe nhazi nke copolymer, viscosity nke ngwaahịa nwere ike ịchịkwa nke ọma iji nweta mmetụta achọrọ.
Ezi nkwụsi ike: Nke a na-enwe ezigbo kemịkalụ na nkwụsi ike anụ ahụ ma nwee ike ịnọgide na-enwe ezigbo viscosity na okpomọkụ dị iche iche, ụkpụrụ pH na usoro surfactant.
Ọ dịghị mfe delaminate: Acrylate copolymer thickeners na-egosi ezigbo mgbochi delamination ikike na mmiri mmiri ncha, na-ahụ nkwụsi ike nke ngwaahịa na ogologo oge nchekwa.
Nhọrọ nke thickener na mmiri mmiri mmiri na-adabere n'ọtụtụ ihe, gụnyere ụdị surfactant na usoro ahụ, ihe ndị chọrọ nghọta, njikwa ọnụ ahịa na ahụmahụ onye ọrụ. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose na xanthan chịngọm na-abụkarị nhọrọ dị mma na ncha ụlọ n'ihi ezigbo mmiri solubility ha, ịdị nwayọọ na mmetụta siri ike. Maka ihe nchacha nke ọma, a na-ahọrọ polyacrylate thickeners. Ngwunye nnu nwere uru na-eri ọnụ ma dị mma maka mmepụta nnukwu ihe nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.
Oge nzipu: Ọktoba 18-2024