Cellulose ether bụ ihe mgbakwunye ihe eji arụ ụlọ dị mkpa, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ịrụ ngwa agha, ntụ ntụ, mkpuchi na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ iji meziwanye ihe anụ ahụ na arụ ọrụ ihe. Ihe ndị bụ isi nke cellulose ether gụnyere ihe nhazi nke cellulose na ihe ndị na-emepụta site na mgbanwe kemịkalụ, nke na-enye ya solubility pụrụ iche, ịgbara mmiri, njigide mmiri na njirimara rheological.
1. Cellulose isi Ọdịdị
Cellulose bụ otu n'ime polysaccharides a na-ahụkarị na okike, nke sitere na eriri osisi. Ọ bụ akụkụ bụ isi nke cellulose ether ma na-ekpebi nhazi ya na njirimara ya. Ihe mejupụtara mkpụrụ ndụ cellulose bụ nkeji glucose jikọtara ya na njikọ β-1,4-glycosidic iji mepụta usoro ogologo ogologo. Usoro ahịrị ahịrị a na-enye cellulose ike dị elu na ịdị arọ molekụla dị elu, mana solubility ya na mmiri adịghị mma. Iji meziwanye mmiri solubility nke cellulose na ime mgbanwe na mkpa nke ihe owuwu ụlọ, cellulose kwesịrị ka a gbanwee ya na kemịkalụ.
2. Ihe nnọchi anya-isi ihe nke mmeghachi omume etherification
Njirimara pụrụ iche nke cellulose ether bụ nke a na-enweta nke ọma site na ihe ndị na-eme ka etherification mmeghachi omume dị n'etiti ìgwè hydroxyl (-OH) nke cellulose na ether ogige. Ihe ngbanwe a na-ejikarị gụnyere methoxy (-OCH₃), ethoxy (-OC₂H₅) na hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃). Ntinye nke ihe ndị a na-agbanwe agbanwe na-agbanwe solubility, ndina na njigide mmiri nke cellulose. Dị ka ndị dị iche iche ewebata substituents, cellulose ethers nwere ike kewaa methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) na ndị ọzọ ụdị.
Methyl cellulose (MC): Methyl cellulose na-etolite site n'iwebata methyl substituents (-OCH₃) n'ime ìgwè hydroxyl na cellulose molecule. Nke a cellulose ether nwere ezigbo mmiri solubility na ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma ma na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na ngwa ngwa akọrọ, nrapado na mkpuchi. MC nwere njide mmiri dị mma ma na-enyere aka belata mmiri na-efunahụ na ihe ụlọ, na-eme ka adhesion na ike nke ngwa agha na putty ntụ ntụ.
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC): A na-emepụta hydroxyethyl cellulose site na iwebata hydroxyethyl substituents (-OC₂H₅), nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ mmiri na-agbaze na nnu na-eguzogide. A na-ejikarị HEC eme ihe na mkpuchi mmiri, agba latex na ihe mgbakwunye ụlọ. Ọ nwere magburu onwe ndim na film-akpụ Njirimara na ike budata melite ewu arụmọrụ nke ihe.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC): A na-emepụta Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose site na ntinye oge nke hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃) na methyl substituents. Ụdị ether cellulose a na-egosipụta ezigbo njide mmiri, mmanu na ịrụ ọrụ n'ime ihe eji ewu ụlọ dị ka ngwa ngwa akọrọ, tile adhesives, na mgbidi mkpuchi mgbidi. HPMC nwekwara ezigbo nguzogide okpomọkụ na ntu oyi, yabụ na ọ nwere ike melite arụmọrụ nke ihe ụlọ n'okpuru ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị oke egwu.
3. Mmiri solubility na ndim
Solubility mmiri nke cellulose ether na-adabere n'ụdị na ogo nke nnọchi nke nnọchi (ya bụ, ọnụọgụ nke otu hydroxyl nọchiri anya na nkeji glucose ọ bụla). The kwesịrị ekwesị ogo nke nnọchi na-enyere cellulose molekul etolite a edo ngwọta na mmiri, na-enye ihe onwunwe ọma ndim Njirimara. N'ime ihe owuwu ụlọ, cellulose ethers dị ka ndị na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ike ime ka viscosity nke ngwa agha dịkwuo elu, gbochie stratification na nkewa nke ihe, ma si otú ahụ melite arụmọrụ ụlọ.
4. Njide mmiri
Njide mmiri nke cellulose ether dị oké mkpa maka ịdị mma nke ihe owuwu ụlọ. Na ngwaahịa ndị dị ka ngwa agha na putty ntụ ntụ, cellulose ether nwere ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri mmiri dị ukwuu n'elu ihe ahụ iji gbochie mmiri ịpụpụ ngwa ngwa, si otú ahụ gbasaa oge na-emeghe na ịrụ ọrụ nke ihe. Nke a na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịkwalite ike njikọta na igbochi mgbawa.
5. Rheology na ịrụ ọrụ ihe owuwu
Mgbakwunye nke cellulose ether budata mma rheological Njirimara nke ihe ụlọ, ya bụ, eruba na deformation omume nke ihe n'okpuru mpụga ike. Ọ nwere ike melite njide mmiri na mmanu nke ngwa agha, mee ka mgbapụta na ịdị mfe nke iwu ihe. N'ime usoro ihe owuwu dị ka spraying, scraping na masonry, cellulose ether na-enyere aka belata nguzogide ma melite arụmọrụ ọrụ, ebe ọ na-eme ka mkpuchi edo edo na-enweghị sagging.
6. Ndakọrịta na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi
Cellulose ether nwere ezigbo ndakọrịta na ihe dị iche iche nke ụlọ, gụnyere ciment, gypsum, lime, wdg N'oge a na-ewu ụlọ, ọ gaghị emeghachi omume ọjọọ na ihe ndị ọzọ kemịkalụ iji hụ na nkwụsi ike nke ihe ahụ. Na mgbakwunye, cellulose ether bụ ihe mgbakwunye na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na gburugburu ebe obibi, bụ nke a na-esite na eriri osisi sitere n'okike, na-adịghị njọ na gburugburu ebe obibi, ma na-emezu ihe nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi nke ihe eji ewu ụlọ nke oge a.
7. Ihe ndị ọzọ gbanwere
Iji mee ka arụmọrụ cellulose ether dịkwuo mma, enwere ike iwebata ihe ndị ọzọ emezigharịrị na mmepụta n'ezie. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụfọdụ ndị na-emepụta ihe ga-eme ka mmiri na-eguzogide mmiri na nguzogide ihu igwe nke cellulose ether site na iji silicone, paraffin na ihe ndị ọzọ na-emekọ ihe. Mgbakwunye nke ihe ndị a na-agbanwe agbanwe na-abụkarị iji mezuo ihe achọrọ ngwa ngwa, dị ka ịba ụba nke ihe mgbochi na ịdịte aka na mkpuchi mgbidi dị n'èzí ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi mmiri.
Dị ka akụkụ dị mkpa n'ime ihe owuwu ụlọ, cellulose ether nwere ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ịgba, njide mmiri, na mma rheological Njirimara. Ihe ndị bụ isi ya bụ usoro ntọala cellulose na ihe ndị na-anọchi anya mmeghachi omume etherification webatara. Ụdị dị iche iche nke cellulose ethers nwere ngwa dị iche iche na arụ ọrụ n'ime ihe owuwu ụlọ n'ihi ọdịiche dị na ihe nnọchi anya ha. Cellulose ethers nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị imeziwanye arụmọrụ ihe owuwu nke ihe, kamakwa imeziwanye ogo na ndụ ọrụ nke ụlọ. Ya mere, cellulose ethers nwere ohere ngwa ngwa na ihe owuwu nke oge a.
Oge nzipu: Sep-18-2024