Site na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na ọganihu nke nkà na ụzụ, site na ntinye na nkwalite nke igwe na-agbapụta ngwa agha mba ọzọ, a na-emepụta ígwè ọrụ ịgbasa na plastering technology na mba m n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Ngwa ngwa ịgbasa ígwè ọrụ dị iche na ngwa agha nkịtị, nke na-achọ ọrụ njigide mmiri dị elu, mmiri mmiri kwesịrị ekwesị na ụfọdụ arụmọrụ mgbochi. Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-agbakwunye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose na ngwa agha, nke cellulose Ether (HPMC) bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe. Isi ọrụ nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC na ngwa agha bụ: ndim na viscosifying, imezi rheology, na ezigbo njide mmiri. Agbanyeghị, enweghị ike ileghara adịghị ike nke HPMC anya. HPMC nwere mmetụta ikuku-entraining, nke ga-eme ka ndị ọzọ n'ime ntụpọ ma na-ebelata n'ibu Njirimara nke ngwa agha. Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. mụrụ mmetụta nke HPMC na mmiri njigide ọnụego, njupụta, ikuku ọdịnaya na n'ibu Njirimara nke ngwa agha si macroscopic akụkụ, na-amụ mmetụta nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC na L Ọdịdị nke ngwa agha si akụkụ microscopic. .
1. Nwale
1.1 Akụrụngwa
Simenti: ciment P.0 42.5 na-ere ahịa, 28d ike mgbanwe ya na mkpakọ bụ 6.9 na 48.2 MPa n'otu n'otu; ájá: Chengde mma osimiri ájá, 40-100 ntupu; cellulose ether: mepụtara site na Shandong Chenbang Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, ọcha ntụ ntụ, nominal viscosity 40, 100, 150, 200 Pa-s; mmiri: mmiri mgbata dị ọcha.
1.2 Usoro ule
Dị ka JGJ/T 105-2011 si kwuo "Iwu Nrụpụta Maka Ịgbasa Mechanical Spraying na Plastering", nkwekọ nke ngwa agha ahụ bụ 80-120 mm, na njide mmiri dị elu karịa 90%. N'ime nnwale a, a na-edozi nha nke lime-sand na 1: 5, a na-achịkwa nkwụsi ike na (93 + 2) mm, na ether cellulose na-ejikọta ya na mpụga, ọnụ ọgụgụ na-ejikọta ya na-adabere na ciment ciment. A na-anwale ihe ndị bụ isi nke ngwa agha dị ka njupụta mmiri, ọdịnaya ikuku, njigide mmiri, na nkwụsi ike site na JGJ 70-2009 "Ụzọ Nnwale maka Ngwongwo Basic nke Nwunye Ụlọ", a na-anwale ma gbakọọ ọdịnaya ikuku dị ka njupụta siri dị. usoro. A na-eme nnwale nkwadebe, mgbanwe ike na mkpakọ nke ụdị dị ka GB/T 17671-1999 "Usoro maka ịnwale ike nke ciment Mortar Sand (ISO Method)". Ejiri mercury porosimetry tụọ dayameta nke larvae. Ụdị nke mercury porosimeter bụ AUTOPORE 9500, na nha nha bụ 5.5 nm-360 μm. Ngụkọta nke 4 set nke ule e mere. Simenti-aja ruru bụ 1: 5, viscosity nke HPMC bụ 100 Pa-s, na onunu ogwu 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (ọnụọgụ bụ A, B, C, D n'otu n'otu).
2. Nsonaazụ na nyocha
2.1 Mmetụta nke HPMC na ọnụego njigide mmiri nke ngwa ngwa ciment
Njide mmiri na-ezo aka n'ikike nke ngwa agha ijide mmiri. N'ime igwe a na-efesa ngwa agha, ịgbakwụnye ether cellulose nwere ike ijigide mmiri nke ọma, belata ọnụ ọgụgụ ọbara ọgbụgba, ma mezuo ihe achọrọ maka mmiri mmiri zuru oke nke ihe sitere na ciment. Mmetụta HPMC na njide mmiri nke ngwa agha.
Site na mmụba nke ọdịnaya HPMC, ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri nke ngwa agha na-abawanye nke nta nke nta. Usoro nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether nwere viscosities nke 100, 150 na 200 Pa.s bụ otu ihe ahụ. Mgbe ọdịnaya dị 0.05% -0.15%, ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri na-abawanye n'ahịrị, na mgbe ọdịnaya dị 0.15%, ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri dị elu karịa 93%. ; Mgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ grits gafere 0.20%, usoro na-arịwanye elu nke njide mmiri na-aghọ nke dị larịị, na-egosi na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke HPMC dị nso na saturation. Mmetụta mmetụta nke ọnụọgụ HPMC nwere viscosity nke 40 Pa.s na ọnụego njide mmiri bụ ihe dị ka ahịrị kwụ ọtọ. Mgbe ego ahụ karịrị 0.15%, ọnụ ọgụgụ njide mmiri nke ngwa ngwa dị ntakịrị karịa nke ụdị HPMC atọ ndị ọzọ nwere otu viscosity. A na-ekwenyekarị na usoro ntinye mmiri nke cellulose ether bụ: ìgwè hydroxyl na cellulose ether molecule na oxygen atom na ether bond ga-ejikọta ya na molecule mmiri iji mepụta njikọ hydrogen, nke mere na mmiri efu na-aghọ mmiri agbụ. , si otú ahụ na-egwu mmetụta dị mma na-ejigide mmiri; A na-kweere na interdiffusion n'etiti mmiri ụmụ irighiri mmiri na cellulose ether molekul chains na-enye ohere mmiri molekul ịbanye n'ime ime nke cellulose ether macromolecular agbụ na-edo onwe ya n'okpuru ike njide ike, si otú na-emeziwanye mmiri njigide nke ciment slurry. Njide mmiri dị mma nwere ike ime ka ngwa agha ahụ dịrị n'otu, ọ dịghị mfe ikewapụ ya, ma nweta ọrụ ngwakọta dị mma, ebe ọ na-ebelata ihe eji arụ ọrụ ma na-abawanye ndụ nke igwe na-agba ngwa ngwa.
2.2 Mmetụta nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC na njupụta na ikuku ọdịnaya nke ciment ngwa agha.
Mgbe ego nke HPMC bụ 0-0.20%, njupụta nke ngwa agha na-ebelata nke ọma na mmụba nke ego HPMC, site na 2050 kg / m3 ruo ihe dịka 1650kg / m3, nke dị ihe dịka 20% ala; mgbe ego HPMC gafere 0.20%, njupụta na-ebelata. dị jụụ. N'iji atụnyere ụdị 4 nke HPMC na viscosities dị iche iche, nke dị elu nke viscosity, na-ebelata njupụta nke ngwa agha; na njupụta akụkụ nke ngwa agha na mbuaha viscosities nke 150 na 200 Pa.s HPMC ihu ọma overlap, na-egosi na dị ka viscosity nke HPMC na-aga n'ihu na-abawanye, na njupụta agaghịkwa ibelata.
Iwu mgbanwe nke ikuku ikuku nke ngwa agha megidere ngbanwe nke njupụta nke ngwa agha. Mgbe ọdịnaya nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC bụ 0-0.20%, na mmụba nke HPMC ọdịnaya, ikuku nke ngwa agha na-abawanye fọrọ nke nta ka linearly; Ọdịnaya nke HPMC gafere Mgbe 0.20% gasịrị, ọdịnaya ikuku anaghị agbanwe agbanwe, na-egosi na mmetụta ikuku nke ngwa agha dị nso na saturation. Mmetụta ikuku nke HPMC nwere viscosity nke 150 na 200 Pa.s dị ukwuu karịa nke HPMC nwere viscosity nke 40 na 100 Pa.s.
Mmetụta ikuku nke cellulose ether na-ekpebi nke ọma site na nhazi ihe omimi ya. Cellulose ether nwere ma hydrophilic otu (hydroxyl, ether) na hydrophobic otu (methyl, glucose mgbanaka), na bụ surfactant. , nwere ọrụ elu, si otú a na-enwe mmetụta ikuku-entraning. N'otu aka ahụ, gas a na-ebute nwere ike ime dị ka bọmbụ na-ebu na ngwa agha, na-eme ka arụ ọrụ nke ngwa agha dịkwuo mma, na-amụba ụda olu, na-abawanye mmepụta, nke bara uru nye onye nrụpụta. Ma n'aka nke ọzọ, mmetụta na-eme ka ikuku na-eme ka ikuku nke ngwa ngwa na porosity dịkwuo elu mgbe ọ gbasịrị ike, na-ebute mmụba nke pores na-emerụ ahụ ma na-ebelata ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe. Ọ bụ ezie na HPMC nwere ụfọdụ mmetụta ntinye ikuku, ọ nweghị ike dochie onye na-eme ihe ikuku. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, mgbe a na-eji HPMC na onye na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka ikuku na-eme ihe n'otu oge ahụ, onye na-ekpuchi ikuku nwere ike ịda.
2.3 Mmetụta nke HPMC na ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke igwe ciment
Mgbe ego nke HPMC bụ naanị 0.05%, ike flexural nke ngwa agha na-ebelata nke ukwuu, nke bụ ihe dị ka 25% dị ala karịa nke oghere oghere na-enweghị hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, na ike mkpakọ nwere ike iru 65% nke oghere oghere - 80% Mgbe ọnụọgụ HPMC karịrị 0.20%, mbelata ike mgbanwe na ike mkpakọ nke ngwa agha anaghị apụta ìhè. The viscosity nke HPMC nwere obere mmetụta na n'ibu Njirimara nke ngwa agha. HPMC na-ewebata ọtụtụ obere afụ ikuku, na mmetụta na-akpali ikuku na ngwa agha ahụ na-abawanye porosity dị n'ime na pores na-emerụ ahụ nke ngwa agha ahụ, na-ebute mbelata dị ukwuu na ike mkpakọ na ike mgbanwe. Ihe ọzọ kpatara mbelata nke ngwa agha ike bụ mmetụta njide mmiri nke cellulose ether, nke na-eme ka mmiri dị na ngwa ngwa siri ike, na nnukwu mmiri na-ejikọta ọnụ na-eduga n'ibelata ike nke ngọngọ ule. N'ihi na n'ibu na-ewu ngwa agha, ọ bụ ezie na cellulose ether nwere ike budata iwelie mmiri njigide ọnụego nke ngwa agha na mma ya workability, ma ọ bụrụ na onunu ogwu dị oke ibu, ọ ga-akpa ike na-emetụta n'ibu Njirimara nke ngwa agha, otú mmekọrịta dị n'etiti abụọ kwesịrị ịtụ ezi uche.
Site na mmụba nke ọdịnaya nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC, oke mpịachi nke ngwa agha ahụ gosipụtara omume na-abawanye n'ozuzu ya, bụ nke bụ mmekọrịta kwụ ọtọ. Nke a bụ n'ihi na cellulose ether agbakwunyere na-ewebata ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ikuku ikuku, nke na-eme ka ntụpọ ndị ọzọ dị n'ime ngwa agha ahụ, na ike mkpakọ nke ndu rose mortar na-ebelata nke ọma, ọ bụ ezie na ike mgbanwe na-ebelata ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ; ma cellulose ether nwere ike imeziwanye mgbanwe nke ngwa agha ahụ, Ọ na-aba uru na ike na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke na-eme ka ọnụ ọgụgụ mbelata belata. N'ịtụle n'ụzọ zuru ezu, mmetụta jikọtara ọnụ nke abụọ na-eduga na mmụba na oke mpịachi.
2.4 Mmetụta nke HPMC na dayameta L nke ngwa agha ahụ
Site na usoro nkesa nkesa pore, data nkesa pore na ụdị ọnụọgụ dị iche iche nke ihe atụ AD, enwere ike ịhụ na HPMC nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na nhazi nke simenti ngwa ngwa:
(1) Mgbe ịgbakwunye HPMC, oghere simenti ngwa ngwa na-abawanye nke ukwuu. N'akụkụ nkesa nkesa pore, mpaghara ihe onyonyo a na-aga n'aka nri, ọnụ ahịa pore dabara na ọnụ ahịa kacha elu na-abawanye. Mgbe agbakwunyere HPMC, dayameta nke etiti nke ụrọ ciment na-ebuwanye ibu karịa nke oghere oghere, yana dayameta nke etiti nke ihe nlele ahụ nwere 0.3% dose na-abawanye site na iwu 2 nke ịdị ukwuu ma e jiri ya tụnyere oghere oghere.
(2) Kewaa pores na ihe dị iche iche na ụdị anọ, ya bụ pores na-adịghị emerụ ahụ (≤20 nm), obere pores na-emerụ ahụ (20-100 nm), pores na-emerụ ahụ (100-200 nm) na ọtụtụ pores na-emerụ ahụ (≥200 nm). Enwere ike ịhụ site na Tebụl 1 na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oghere na-adịghị emerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ obere oghere na-emerụ ahụ na-ebelata nke ukwuu mgbe agbakwunyere HPMC, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oghere ndị na-emerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ oghere ndị na-emerụ ahụ na-abawanye. Oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ nke ihe nlele na-ejikọtaghị na HPMC bụ ihe dịka 49.4%. Mgbe ịgbakwunye HPMC, oghere ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ obere pores na-emerụ ahụ na-ebelata nke ukwuu. Na-ewere usoro onunu ogwu nke 0.1% dị ka ihe atụ, pores na-adịghị emerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ obere pores na-emerụ ahụ na-ebelata ihe dịka 45%. %, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oghere ndị na-emerụ ahụ karịrị 10um mụbara ihe dị ka ugboro itoolu.
(3) The median pore dayameta, nkezi pore dayameta, kpọmkwem pore olu na kpọmkwem n'elu ebe adịghị agbaso a nnọọ siri ike mgbanwe iwu na mmụba nke hydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC ọdịnaya, nke nwere ike metụtara sample nhọrọ na mercury injection ule. metụtara nnukwu mgbasa. Mana n'ozuzu ya, dayameta pore nke etiti, nkezi pore dayameta na oke pore nke ihe nlele jikọtara ya na HPMC na-abawanye ma e jiri ya tụnyere oghere oghere, ebe mpaghara elu ahụ akọwapụtara na-ebelata.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-03-2023